Exodus 30
Big idea: Four last provisions, each with a rule about what may not be copied. An altar of incense stands before the veil, burned on every morning and evening when the lamps are tended, with no strange incense allowed. A census requires a ransom of half a shekel from every man over twenty — the rich shall not give more and the poor shall not give less — and the money funds the service of the tent, an atonement for their souls. A bronze basin stands between the tent and the altar so priests wash hands and feet before they enter, that they not die. And a holy anointing oil and a sweet incense are compounded to exact recipes, and whoever makes anything like them, or uses them for himself, is cut off from his people.
Chapter 30 finishes the furnishings and the recipes. Chapter 31 names the men God has filled with his Spirit to build it all — and closes the whole speech with the sabbath as the sign of the covenant.
30:1–10 — The altar of incense
Make an altar to burn incense on, of acacia wood: a cubit square and two cubits high, its horns of one piece with it, overlaid with pure gold on top, sides and horns, with a gold molding around it. Two gold rings under the molding on opposite sides hold gold-overlaid poles for carrying. Put it before the veil that is by the ark of the covenant, before the mercy seat, where I will meet with you. Aaron shall burn sweet incense on it every morning when he tends the lamps, and again at evening when he lights them — a perpetual incense before Yahweh throughout your generations. You shall offer no strange incense on it, nor burnt offering, nor meal offering, and pour no drink offering on it. Aaron shall make atonement on its horns once a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonement — it is most holy to Yahweh.
1 “You shall make an altar to burn incense on. You shall make it of acacia wood. 2 Its length shall be a cubit, and its width a cubit. It shall be square, and its height shall be two cubits. Its horns shall be of one piece with it. 3 You shall overlay it with pure gold, its top, its sides around it, and its horns; and you shall make a gold molding around it. 4 You shall make two golden rings for it under its molding; on its two ribs, on its two sides you shall make them; and they shall be for places for poles with which to bear it. 5 You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold. 6 You shall put it before the veil that is by the ark of the covenant, before the mercy seat that is over the covenant, where I will meet with you. 7 Aaron shall burn incense of sweet spices on it every morning. When he tends the lamps, he shall burn it. 8 When Aaron lights the lamps at evening, he shall burn it, a perpetual incense before Yahweh throughout your generations. 9 You shall offer no strange incense on it, nor burnt offering, nor meal offering; and you shall pour no drink offering on it. 10 Aaron shall make atonement on its horns once in the year; with the blood of the sin offering of atonement once in the year he shall make atonement for it throughout your generations. It is most holy to Yahweh.”
30:11–21 — The same for rich and poor
When you take a census of the children of Israel, every man shall give a ransom for his soul to Yahweh, that there be no plague among them. Everyone counted, from twenty years old and upward, shall give half a shekel by the shekel of the sanctuary, as an offering to Yahweh. The rich shall not give more and the poor shall not give less than the half shekel, when they give the offering to make atonement for their souls. Take the atonement money and appoint it for the service of the Tent of Meeting, that it may be a memorial for the children of Israel before Yahweh, to make atonement for your souls. Then make a basin of bronze with a bronze base for washing, set between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, with water in it; Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and feet there when they go into the tent or come near the altar to minister — so they will not die. It shall be a statute forever to them, to him and to his descendants throughout their generations.
11 Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 12 “When you take a census of the children of Israel, according to those who are counted among them, then each man shall give a ransom for his soul to Yahweh when you count them, that there be no plague among them when you count them. 13 They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are counted, half a shekel according to the shekel of the sanctuary (the shekel is twenty gerahs); half a shekel for an offering to Yahweh. 14 Everyone who passes over to those who are counted, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the offering to Yahweh. 15 The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when they give the offering of Yahweh, to make atonement for your souls. 16 You shall take the atonement money from the children of Israel, and shall appoint it for the service of the Tent of Meeting; that it may be a memorial for the children of Israel before Yahweh, to make atonement for your souls.” 17 Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 18 “You shall also make a basin of bronze, and its base of bronze, in which to wash. You shall put it between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and you shall put water in it. 19 Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in it. 20 When they go into the Tent of Meeting, they shall wash with water, that they don’t die; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to burn an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 21 So they shall wash their hands and their feet, that they not die. This shall be a statute forever to them, even to him and to his descendants throughout their generations.”
30:22–38 — Oil and incense that may not be copied
Take the finest spices: five hundred shekels of liquid myrrh, half as much fragrant cinnamon, two hundred and fifty of fragrant cane, five hundred of cassia, and a hin of olive oil — and make it into a holy anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer. Use it to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the ark, the table and its articles, the lampstand, the incense altar, the altar of burnt offering and the basin, so that they may be most holy — whatever touches them shall be holy. Anoint Aaron and his sons and sanctify them to minister as priests. This shall be a holy anointing oil to me throughout your generations; it shall not be poured on ordinary flesh, and you shall make nothing like it — whoever compounds anything like it, or puts any of it on a stranger, shall be cut off from his people. Likewise take sweet spices, gum resin, onycha and galbanum with pure frankincense, in equal weights, and make an incense, salted, pure and holy; beat some very small and put it before the covenant, where I will meet with you — it shall be most holy. And you shall not make any like it for yourselves to smell; whoever makes any like it shall be cut off from his people.
22 Moreover Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 23 “Also take fine spices: of liquid myrrh, five hundred shekels; and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, even two hundred and fifty; and of fragrant cane, two hundred and fifty; 24 and of cassia five hundred, according to the shekel of the sanctuary; and a hin of olive oil. 25 You shall make it into a holy anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer: it shall be a holy anointing oil. 26 You shall use it to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the ark of the covenant, 27 the table and all its articles, the lamp stand and its accessories, the altar of incense, 28 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its base. 29 You shall sanctify them, that they may be most holy. Whatever touches them shall be holy. 30 You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and sanctify them, that they may minister to me in the priest’s office. 31 You shall speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘This shall be a holy anointing oil to me throughout your generations. 32 It shall not be poured on man’s flesh, and do not make any like it, according to its composition. It is holy. It shall be holy to you. 33 Whoever compounds any like it, or whoever puts any of it on a stranger, he shall be cut off from his people.’” 34 Yahweh said to Moses, “Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, onycha, and galbanum: sweet spices with pure frankincense. There shall be an equal weight of each. 35 You shall make incense of it, a perfume after the art of the perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and holy. 36 You shall beat some of it very small, and put some of it before the covenant in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you. It shall be to you most holy. 37 You shall not make this incense, according to its composition, for yourselves: it shall be to you holy for Yahweh. 38 Whoever shall make any like that, to smell of it, he shall be cut off from his people.”
Scripture text: World English Bible (public domain).